The term "kulaks" refers to wealthier peasants in Russia during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. They owned larger farms and were often seen as more prosperous than their poorer counterparts. The Bolshevik government, after the 1917 revolution, viewed kulaks as class enemies because they resisted collectivization and the redistribution of land. During the Stalin era, kulaks were targeted in a campaign to eliminate perceived class enemies. Many were dispossessed of their land, imprisoned, or executed. This campaign contributed to widespread famine and suffering, particularly during the Great Famine of 1932-1933, as agricultural production plummeted.