Cognitive control, also known as executive function, refers to the mental processes that help individuals manage their thoughts, actions, and emotions. It enables people to focus on tasks, make decisions, and regulate their behavior in various situations. This ability is crucial for problem-solving and adapting to new challenges. Key components of cognitive control include working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility. Working memory allows individuals to hold and manipulate information temporarily, while inhibition helps suppress impulsive responses. Cognitive flexibility enables the adjustment of thinking and behavior in response to changing circumstances, making it essential for effective learning and social interactions.