Civil War fortifications were defensive structures built during the American Civil War (1861-1865) to protect troops and strategic locations. These fortifications included earthworks, trenches, and stone walls, designed to withstand enemy attacks. They were often constructed using local materials and could be quickly built or modified as the war progressed. Key battles, such as the Battle of Gettysburg and the Siege of Vicksburg, showcased the importance of these fortifications. Soldiers used them to gain a tactical advantage, making it difficult for opposing forces to advance. The design and effectiveness of these structures played a significant role in the outcomes of many engagements.