Civilization refers to a complex human society characterized by the development of cities, social hierarchies, and cultural practices. It typically includes advancements in areas such as agriculture, government, art, and technology. Civilizations often arise in fertile regions where resources are abundant, allowing populations to grow and thrive. Throughout history, various civilizations have emerged, such as the Egyptian civilization, the Roman Empire, and the Indus Valley civilization. Each of these societies contributed to human knowledge and culture, influencing future generations. The study of civilizations helps us understand the evolution of human societies and their impact on the world.