Citation models are frameworks that help researchers and scholars understand how and why citations are made in academic work. These models analyze the relationships between authors, their works, and the sources they reference, providing insights into the impact and relevance of research within a specific field. Different citation models, such as the CiteScore and h-index, offer various metrics to evaluate the influence of publications. By examining citation patterns, these models can reveal trends in research, highlight key contributions, and assist in identifying emerging areas of study, ultimately guiding future research directions.