Chronic hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against the artery walls remains consistently elevated over time. This can lead to serious health issues, including heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage. It is often defined as having a blood pressure reading of 130/80 mmHg or higher. The causes of chronic hypertension can vary and may include factors such as obesity, lack of physical activity, excessive salt intake, and genetic predisposition. Regular monitoring and lifestyle changes, such as a balanced diet and exercise, are essential for managing this condition and reducing the risk of complications.