The term "Chichimeca" refers to a group of indigenous peoples in northern Mexico, particularly during the time of Spanish colonization in the 16th century. They were known for their nomadic lifestyle and resistance to Spanish rule. The Chichimeca included various tribes, such as the Guachichil and Pames, who lived in arid regions and relied on hunting and gathering. The Chichimeca were often portrayed by the Spanish as barbaric due to their different customs and way of life. However, they had rich cultural traditions and social structures. Their resistance to colonization played a significant role in shaping the history of Mexico during this period.