Charles II, Duke of Parma, was born on November 12, 1655, and became the Duke of Parma and Piacenza in 1689. He was a member of the House of Bourbon and the son of Philip of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese. His reign was marked by efforts to strengthen the duchy and improve its economy. During his rule, Charles II focused on infrastructure development and fostering trade. He also faced challenges, including political tensions with neighboring states. He died on December 18, 1694, and was succeeded by his son, Francesco Farnese.