Cave exploration, also known as caving or spelunking, involves the study and navigation of natural underground spaces. This activity can range from simple walks in shallow caves to challenging expeditions in deep, complex systems. Explorers often seek to understand the geology, ecology, and hydrology of caves, as well as their historical significance. Safety is a crucial aspect of cave exploration. Explorers typically use specialized equipment, such as helmets, headlamps, and climbing gear, to navigate dark and potentially hazardous environments. Many cavers also follow guidelines set by organizations like the National Speleological Society to ensure responsible and sustainable exploration practices.