The Carthaginian Empire was an ancient civilization located in North Africa, primarily centered around the city of Carthage, near modern-day Tunisia. Founded by the Phoenicians in the 9th century BCE, it became a major trading power in the Mediterranean, known for its wealth and maritime prowess. The empire expanded its influence through trade routes and colonies, reaching parts of Spain, Sicily, and North Africa. Carthage is best known for its conflicts with the Roman Republic, particularly during the Punic Wars. These wars, especially the second one led by the general Hannibal, showcased Carthage's military strength but ultimately led to its downfall. In 146 BCE, Carthage was destroyed by Rome, marking the end of the Carthaginian Empire.