Cardiopulmonary Bypass is a medical procedure used during heart surgery to temporarily take over the function of the heart and lungs. This technique allows surgeons to operate on a still and bloodless heart by diverting blood away from the heart and into a machine that oxygenates it and removes carbon dioxide. The machine, known as a heart-lung machine, pumps the oxygen-rich blood back into the body, ensuring that vital organs continue to receive the necessary blood supply. This procedure is crucial for complex surgeries, such as coronary artery bypass grafting or heart valve repair.