Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a medical treatment that provides temporary support for patients with severe heart and lung problems. It works by removing blood from the body, oxygenating it through a special membrane, and then returning it to the bloodstream. This process helps maintain oxygen levels and supports organ function when the heart or lungs cannot do so effectively. ECMO is often used in critical care settings, such as during cardiac surgery or for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It can be a life-saving option for individuals who are not responding to conventional treatments, allowing time for recovery or further medical interventions.