Cancer predisposition syndromes are genetic conditions that increase an individual's risk of developing certain types of cancer. These syndromes are often inherited and can result from mutations in specific genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are linked to breast and ovarian cancers. Individuals with these mutations may have a higher likelihood of developing cancer at a younger age compared to the general population. Diagnosis of cancer predisposition syndromes typically involves genetic testing and counseling. Early detection and preventive measures, such as increased surveillance or prophylactic surgeries, can help manage the risk. Understanding these syndromes is crucial for individuals with a family history of cancer, as it can guide their healthcare decisions and screening strategies.