TP53 is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein called p53, which plays a crucial role in regulating the cell cycle and maintaining genomic stability. This protein acts as a tumor suppressor, meaning it helps prevent the formation of tumors by repairing DNA damage or triggering cell death if the damage is irreparable. Mutations in the TP53 gene are commonly associated with various types of cancer, as they can lead to the loss of p53 function. When p53 is not working correctly, cells can grow uncontrollably, contributing to tumor development and progression.