Cancer biology is the study of how cancer cells develop, grow, and spread in the body. It focuses on the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the transformation of normal cells into cancerous ones. Researchers investigate the mechanisms behind cell division, signaling pathways, and the role of mutations in genes such as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Understanding cancer biology is crucial for developing effective treatments and therapies. By studying the unique characteristics of different types of cancer, scientists aim to create targeted therapies that can specifically attack cancer cells while minimizing damage to normal cells. This research also helps in early detection and prevention strategies.