Cell proliferation is the process by which cells divide and reproduce, leading to an increase in cell numbers. This process is essential for growth, development, and tissue repair in organisms. It occurs through a series of stages known as the cell cycle, which includes phases such as interphase and mitosis. Regulation of cell proliferation is crucial for maintaining healthy tissues. Uncontrolled cell proliferation can lead to conditions such as cancer, where cells divide excessively and form tumors. Various factors, including growth factors and cell signaling pathways, play significant roles in controlling this process.