Canadian politics operates within a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy, where the Prime Minister serves as the head of government. The Parliament of Canada consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the Senate, which work together to create and pass laws. Political parties play a crucial role in shaping policies and governance. The major parties include the Liberal Party, Conservative Party, and New Democratic Party (NDP). Elections are held regularly, allowing citizens to vote for their representatives and influence the direction of the country.