The California Missions are a series of 21 religious outposts established by Spanish colonists between 1769 and 1833. They were created to spread Christianity among the Native American populations and to secure Spanish territorial claims in California. Each mission was typically located near a water source and included a church, living quarters, and agricultural areas. The missions played a significant role in California's history, influencing its culture and economy. Notable missions include Mission San Diego de Alcalá, the first mission, and Mission San Francisco de Asís, known for its beautiful architecture. Today, many missions are preserved as historical sites and attract visitors.