The Byzantine-Arab Wars were a series of conflicts between the Byzantine Empire and various Arab states from the 7th to the 11th centuries. These wars began after the rise of Islam and the expansion of Arab territories, leading to battles over control of key regions, including the Levant and North Africa. The wars included notable events such as the Siege of Jerusalem in 636 and the Battle of Yarmouk in 636, which resulted in significant territorial losses for the Byzantines. Ultimately, these conflicts contributed to the decline of Byzantine power and the rise of Islamic caliphates in the region.