British history spans thousands of years, beginning with the arrival of the Celts around 600 BC. The Romans invaded in 43 AD, establishing Roman Britain until their withdrawal in the early 5th century. The subsequent period saw the rise of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, followed by the Norman Conquest in 1066, which significantly shaped the culture and governance of England. The Tudor dynasty in the 16th century marked a time of religious change and exploration, while the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries transformed Britain into a global power. The 20th century brought challenges, including two world wars, leading to the decline of the British Empire and the establishment of the modern United Kingdom.