The Brazilian Gold Rush began in the late 17th century when gold was discovered in the region of Minas Gerais. This discovery attracted thousands of prospectors, leading to a massive influx of people seeking wealth. The rush significantly impacted Brazil's economy and population, as towns rapidly developed around gold mining sites. As gold production peaked in the 18th century, Brazil became one of the world's leading gold producers. The wealth generated from the gold mines contributed to the growth of the Portuguese Empire and influenced the social and political landscape of Brazil, shaping its history for years to come.