Gold mining is the process of extracting gold from the earth. This precious metal is often found in rocks and alluvial deposits, where it can be mined using various techniques. Miners use tools like pickaxes, shovels, and modern machinery to dig deep into the ground or sift through riverbeds to find gold nuggets and gold ore. Once extracted, the gold ore is processed to separate the gold from other materials. This can involve crushing the ore and using chemicals to isolate the gold. The final product is then refined into pure gold bars or coins, which are highly valued in markets around the world.