Brassica nigra, commonly known as black mustard, is a flowering plant in the Brassicaceae family. It is native to the Mediterranean region but is now widely cultivated in various parts of the world for its seeds, which are used to produce mustard oil and as a spice. The plant typically grows to about 1-2 meters tall and features yellow flowers that bloom in clusters. The seeds of Brassica nigra are small, round, and dark brown to black in color. They are known for their pungent flavor and are a key ingredient in many culinary dishes, including mustard condiments. Additionally, the plant is often used in agriculture as a cover crop to improve soil health and prevent erosion.