Bougainville is an island region located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, part of Papua New Guinea. It is known for its lush landscapes, rich biodiversity, and vibrant culture. The region is named after the French explorer Louis Antoine de Bougainville, who was the first European to visit the area in the 18th century. Bougainville has a complex history, particularly regarding its struggle for independence. In the late 20th century, the island experienced a violent conflict known as the Bougainville Civil War, which lasted from 1988 to 1998. Today, Bougainville is working towards greater autonomy and self-governance, with a focus on rebuilding and development.