Pope Boniface VIII, born Benedetto Caetani in 1235, served as the head of the Roman Catholic Church from 1294 to 1303. He is known for his strong assertion of papal authority and his conflicts with secular rulers, particularly King Philip IV of France. His papacy was marked by the issuance of the bull Unam Sanctam, which emphasized the supremacy of the pope over all Christians. Boniface VIII also initiated the first Jubilee Year in 1300, encouraging pilgrims to visit Rome. His tenure ended controversially when he was captured by agents of Philip IV in 1303, leading to his eventual death shortly after his release.