Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are a group of growth factors that play a crucial role in bone formation and healing. They are part of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily and are involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. BMPs stimulate the development of bone and cartilage, making them essential for skeletal development and repair. In clinical settings, BMPs are used in orthopedic and dental surgeries to promote bone regeneration. For example, BMP-2 and BMP-7 are commonly used in bone grafts to enhance healing in fractures and spinal fusions. Their ability to induce new bone formation makes them valuable in treating various skeletal disorders.