Growth factors are naturally occurring proteins that play a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation. They are essential for normal development and healing, as they help cells communicate and respond to their environment. Growth factors bind to specific receptors on the cell surface, triggering a cascade of biological responses that influence how cells behave. These proteins are vital in many biological contexts, such as embryonic development, wound healing, and immune responses. Some well-known growth factors include epidermal growth factor (EGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). Researchers study growth factors to understand diseases and develop targeted therapies, particularly in areas like cancer treatment and regenerative medicine.