The Bithynian kings were rulers of the ancient kingdom of Bithynia, located in northwestern Asia Minor, near the Black Sea. This kingdom emerged around the 3rd century BCE and became known for its strategic location and rich resources. The Bithynian kings often engaged in alliances and conflicts with neighboring regions, including the Roman Republic and Pontus. One of the most notable Bithynian kings was Nicomedes IV, who ruled from 94 to 74 BCE. He is remembered for his efforts to modernize the kingdom and for his eventual bequest of Bithynia to the Roman Empire upon his death. This act marked the end of Bithynian independence and its incorporation into Roman territory.