Biomineralization is the process by which living organisms produce minerals to form structures such as shells, bones, and teeth. This natural phenomenon occurs in various organisms, including coral, mollusks, and vertebrates. The minerals, often composed of calcium carbonate or silica, provide strength and protection. During biomineralization, organisms extract minerals from their environment and organize them at the molecular level. This process is essential for the development of hard tissues and plays a crucial role in the ecosystem, influencing nutrient cycling and habitat formation. Understanding biomineralization can also inform fields like materials science and medicine.