Osteogenesis is the biological process through which new bone tissue is formed. This process is crucial for the growth and development of the skeletal system, as well as for the healing of fractures. It involves the differentiation of specific cells called osteoblasts, which produce the bone matrix and facilitate mineralization. There are two main types of osteogenesis: intramembranous and endochondral. Intramembranous osteogenesis occurs directly within a membrane, primarily in flat bones like the skull. Endochondral osteogenesis involves the formation of bone from a cartilage model, which is typical in long bones such as the femur and humerus.