Biological networks are complex systems that illustrate how various biological components interact with each other. These components can include genes, proteins, and metabolites, which work together to perform essential functions in living organisms. By mapping these interactions, scientists can better understand processes like cell signaling, metabolism, and gene regulation. Researchers use mathematical and computational tools to analyze biological networks, helping to identify key players and pathways involved in health and disease. This approach can lead to insights in areas such as drug development and personalized medicine, ultimately improving our understanding of biological systems and their roles in various conditions.