Gene Regulatory Networks
Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) are complex systems of interactions between genes, proteins, and other molecules that control gene expression. These networks determine when, where, and how much a gene is activated or silenced, influencing various biological processes such as development, cell differentiation, and response to environmental changes.
In a GRN, regulatory elements like transcription factors bind to specific DNA sequences, affecting the transcription of target genes. This intricate web of interactions allows cells to respond dynamically to internal and external signals, ensuring proper functioning and adaptation. Understanding GRNs is crucial for fields like genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology.