The Bengal Nawabs were a series of Muslim rulers who governed the region of Bengal in India during the 18th century. They emerged after the decline of the Mughal Empire and played a significant role in the region's politics and economy. The most notable Nawab was Siraj ud-Daula, who ruled from 1756 to 1757 and is known for his conflict with the British East India Company. These Nawabs were known for their wealth and patronage of arts and culture, contributing to the rich heritage of Bengal. Their rule saw the flourishing of trade, particularly in textiles, and the establishment of important cities like Murshidabad, which served as the capital. The decline of the Nawabs began after the Battle of Plassey in 1757, leading to increased British control over the region.