Behavioral modification is a technique used to change specific behaviors through reinforcement and punishment. It is based on the principles of behaviorism, which suggests that all behaviors are learned and can be unlearned or altered. This approach often involves rewarding desired behaviors to encourage their repetition while discouraging unwanted behaviors through consequences. Commonly used in various settings, such as schools and therapy, behavioral modification can help individuals develop positive habits and reduce negative ones. Techniques may include positive reinforcement, like praise or rewards, and negative reinforcement, which involves removing an unpleasant stimulus when the desired behavior occurs.