The Battle of Dunbar took place on September 3, 1650, during the English Civil War. It was fought between the forces of the Cromwellian Parliament and the Scottish army loyal to King Charles II. The battle occurred near Dunbar, Scotland, and was a significant conflict in the struggle for control over England and Scotland. The Scottish army, numbering around 12,000, was defeated by Oliver Cromwell's forces, which were better trained and organized. The loss led to the capture of thousands of Scottish soldiers, significantly weakening the Royalist cause in Scotland and solidifying Cromwell's power in the region.