Bastide towns are fortified settlements that originated in the 13th century in France. Designed for defense and urban planning, these towns typically feature a grid layout with a central square, surrounded by walls and gates. They were often established by the monarchy or local lords to promote trade and control land. These towns are characterized by their uniform architecture, with houses built from local materials. Many bastide towns, such as Monpazier and Eauze, still retain their medieval charm, attracting visitors interested in history and culture. Their strategic locations often provided access to fertile land and trade routes.