Baghdad is the capital city of Iraq and one of the largest cities in the Arab world. Founded in the 8th century, it became a major cultural and intellectual center during the Islamic Golden Age. The city is located along the Tigris River and has a rich history that includes significant contributions to science, literature, and philosophy. Today, Baghdad is known for its diverse population and historical landmarks, such as the National Museum of Iraq and the Al-Mustansiriya University. Despite facing challenges due to conflict and instability, the city remains a vital hub for politics, commerce, and culture in the region.