The Babington Plot was a conspiracy in 1586 aimed at assassinating Queen Elizabeth I of England and placing Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne. The plot was named after Anthony Babington, the main conspirator, who sought to rally support from Catholic factions in England and foreign powers, particularly Spain. The plan involved a series of coordinated actions, including the assassination of Elizabeth and the release of Mary from imprisonment. However, the plot was uncovered by government spies, leading to the arrest and execution of Babington and several co-conspirators, as well as the eventual execution of Mary in 1587.