BMP-4, or Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4, is a protein that plays a crucial role in the development and healing of bones and cartilage. It belongs to the TGF-β superfamily and is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, and tissue formation. BMP-4 is particularly important during embryonic development, influencing the formation of various tissues and organs. In addition to its role in development, BMP-4 is also studied for its potential therapeutic applications. Researchers are exploring its use in regenerative medicine, particularly in bone repair and tissue engineering. By harnessing the properties of BMP-4, scientists aim to improve healing processes and develop new treatments for bone-related injuries and conditions.