The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is a federal territory located in the southeastern part of Australia. It was established in 1911 to serve as the nation's capital, housing the city of Canberra, which is the political center of the country. The ACT is known for its beautiful parks, nature reserves, and cultural institutions, including the National Gallery of Australia and the Australian War Memorial. The ACT is bordered by the state of New South Wales and covers an area of approximately 2,358 square kilometers. It has a population of around 430,000 residents, making it one of the smallest territories in Australia. The region is governed by its own legislative assembly, and its economy is primarily driven by the public sector, education, and tourism.