The Australia Capital Territory (ACT) is a federal territory located in the southeastern part of Australia. It is home to the nation's capital, Canberra, which was specifically chosen as a compromise between the two largest cities, Sydney and Melbourne. The ACT covers an area of approximately 2,358 square kilometers and is known for its natural parks and reserves. The ACT was established in 1911 and is governed by its own legislative assembly. It has a population of around 430,000 residents, making it one of the smallest territories in Australia. The region is also known for its cultural institutions, including the National Gallery of Australia and the Australian War Memorial.