Arctic ecosystems are unique environments found in the polar regions, characterized by extreme cold, ice, and limited sunlight. These ecosystems include tundra, sea ice, and coastal areas, supporting a variety of plants and animals adapted to harsh conditions. Common vegetation includes mosses, lichens, and low shrubs, while animals such as polar bears, arctic foxes, and seals thrive in this frigid habitat. The Arctic is also home to diverse marine life, including whales, fish, and seabirds. Seasonal changes significantly impact these ecosystems, with long winters and short summers influencing food availability and animal behavior. Climate change poses a significant threat, leading to habitat loss and altering species interactions.