The tundra is a cold, treeless biome found in polar regions and high mountain areas. It is characterized by its short growing season, low temperatures, and limited precipitation. The soil in tundra regions is often frozen, known as permafrost, which affects the types of plants that can grow, such as mosses, lichens, and low shrubs. Wildlife in the tundra includes animals like caribou, arctic foxes, and snowy owls, which have adapted to the harsh conditions. The tundra plays a crucial role in the Earth's climate system and is sensitive to changes, making it an important area for environmental studies.