The Arctic ecosystem is a unique environment characterized by extreme cold, ice, and snow. It includes regions like the Arctic Ocean, tundra, and ice caps, which support a variety of life forms adapted to harsh conditions. Key species include polar bears, seals, and arctic foxes, all of which rely on the ice and cold waters for survival. This ecosystem is also home to diverse plant life, such as mosses and lichens, which can withstand freezing temperatures. The permafrost layer beneath the surface plays a crucial role in regulating the ecosystem, affecting water drainage and plant growth. Climate change poses significant threats to this fragile environment.