Archaeological methods involve systematic techniques used to study past human activities through material remains. Excavation is a primary method, where archaeologists carefully dig at sites to uncover artifacts, structures, and ecofacts. This process often includes surveying the area to identify potential sites and using tools like trowels and brushes to preserve delicate items. Another important method is analysis, which involves examining the collected artifacts to understand their age, function, and cultural significance. Techniques such as radiocarbon dating and stratigraphy help determine the timeline of human activity. These methods provide insights into ancient societies and their interactions with the environment.