Excavation is the process of digging into the ground to uncover buried materials or structures. This technique is commonly used in construction, archaeology, and mining. In construction, excavation helps create foundations for buildings, while in archaeology, it allows researchers to discover ancient artifacts and learn about past civilizations. During excavation, heavy machinery like excavators and bulldozers may be used to remove large amounts of soil quickly. Workers must carefully plan their excavation to avoid damaging important finds or underground utilities. Safety is also crucial, as digging can create unstable conditions that may lead to accidents.