The Arab region, often referred to as the Arab world, encompasses 22 countries in the Middle East and North Africa. These countries share a common linguistic and cultural heritage, primarily centered around the Arabic language and Islam. The region includes nations such as Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Morocco. Geographically, the Arab region features diverse landscapes, from deserts like the Sahara to fertile areas such as the Nile River valley. Economically, it is rich in natural resources, particularly oil and natural gas, which play a significant role in the global economy. The region also has a rich history, contributing to advancements in science, art, and philosophy.