Antiochus
Antiochus refers to a series of ancient Greek kings from the Seleucid Empire, which was established after the death of Alexander the Great. The most notable of these kings is Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who ruled from 175 to 164 BCE. He is known for his attempts to Hellenize the Jewish population, leading to significant conflict, including the Maccabean Revolt.
The Seleucid dynasty was marked by territorial expansion and cultural exchange, but it also faced internal strife and external threats. Antiochus IV's reign is particularly remembered for its impact on Jewish history, as it prompted the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, celebrated during the festival of Hanukkah.