The term "Antebellum" refers to the period in American history before the Civil War, specifically from the late 18th century until 1861. This era was marked by significant social, economic, and political changes, particularly in the Southern states, where the economy relied heavily on slavery and cotton production. During the Antebellum period, various movements emerged, including abolitionism, which sought to end slavery, and women's rights, advocating for gender equality. The cultural landscape also flourished, with notable figures like Frederick Douglass and Harriet Beecher Stowe contributing to the discourse on freedom and human rights.