Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs were the rulers of ancient Egypt, considered both political and religious leaders. They were believed to be the intermediaries between the gods and the people, often associated with divine authority. Pharaohs were responsible for maintaining order, overseeing construction projects like the Pyramids, and leading military campaigns. The reign of a pharaoh was marked by a strong centralized government and a complex social structure. They were often buried in elaborate tombs, such as the Valley of the Kings, to ensure a safe passage to the afterlife. Famous pharaohs include Tutankhamun and Ramses II.